Cotton from the Mississippi Regional Cotton Variety Trials was evaluated with three methods to determine variety differences in gin turnout and High Volume Instrument (HVI) fiber properties. Microgin samples included entire plots of cotton spindle picked and processed through a typical sequence of gin machinery including drying and cleaning. Smaller grab samples were collected by hand from the picker, and boll samples were picked by hand from the plant. Grab samples and boll samples were ginned on a smaller 10-saw gin without cleaning machinery. Gin turnout and fiber quality results from the small sample methods were compared to microgin samples for accuracy. The most important finding was that varieties tended to compare differently, in some cases, depending on the sample method. This was revealed statistically when the interaction between variety and sample was significant. This interaction was significant for leaf and reflectance when either grab or boll samples were compared to microgin samples. When the boll samples were compared to microgin samples, the interaction was significant for length and uniformity. When the grab samples were compared to microgin samples, the interaction was significant for gin turnout. In all other cases, the small sample methods revealed variety differences similar to those found in the microgin. For micronaire, strength, and yellowness, relative differences in varieties determined in the microgin were the same as those found with boll and grab samples.