C. Owen Gwathmey and Larry E. Steckel. University of Tennessee, 605 Airways Blvd., Jackson, TN 38301
Tennessee cotton producers are interested in skip-row cotton as a possible way to lower their production costs. Most Tennessee skip-row cotton has been planted in 30-inch rows, but newly developed harvesting technology allows producers to pick 15-inch row cotton planted in solid or skip-row patterns. Narrow rows have been advantageous on certain upland soils where traditional wide-row cotton may not lap the row middles. With 15-inch spindle picked rows, producers can potentially gain some yield and earliness advantages of ultra-narrow row cotton without sacrificing fiber quality. However, the high cost of cotton seed, seed treatments, and gene technologies make it essential to plant no more seed than necessary for optimum yield and quality. We conducted research in irrigated and non-irrigated fields at Milan, Tennessee in 2005 and 2006, to evaluate solid and skip-row patterns of 15- and 30-inch row cotton, and to develop appropriate weed control strategies for them. In 2005, three combinations of row spacing and configuration produced similarly high yields: 15-inch solid, 15-inch 2+1 skip row, and 30-inch solid planting. In this group, plant population density ranged from 52,800 to 80,200 plants per acre, and yield per plant decreased in 15-inch solid planting relative to the others. The highest yield per plant in this group was achieved in 15-inch 2+1 skip rows, suggesting that this configuration would lower at-planting costs relative to other row configurations that produced equivalent yields. Cotton in all row widths and patterns produced similarly high quality of lint. Results so far suggest that Tennessee producers interested in 15-inch cotton may consider a 2+1 skip-row configuration to reduce seed costs.