Uzbek cotton germplasm resources is one of the largest cotton collection worldwide that resulted from scientific research efforts of the cotton research community of Uzbekistan and served the main breeding pool for entire cotton breeding programs of Former Soviet Union for past century. However, vast collection is ‘unknown' for world cotton research community and there is a need to characterize this germplasm for important agronomic traits, study its genetic potential and compare it with the other cotton collections through genetic diversity studies. The main goal of this project was to select G. hirsutum ‘exotic' and variety accessions, evaluate them for agronomic and morphological traits including fiber quality and yield properties in multiple environment, study genomic diversity within selected germplasm and mine potential new genes of fiber quality using association genetics studies with molecular marker technology. We selected 1000 G. hirsutum wild and variety accessions representing at least 37 ecotypes from American, African, Asian, Australian, Central Asian, European, and Mexican geographic origin. These accessions have been grown in field conditions of Uzbekistan and at least 14 morphobiological characteristics, fiber quality and yield properties have been phenotypically evaluated. Furthermore, these germplasm resources have been exchanged with USDA-ARS Crop Germplasm Unit at College Station, Texas, USA to evaluate and increase these accessions at Winter Cotton Nursery at Mexico. We found wide genetic diversity in studied morphological and fiber quality traits in both Uzbekistan and Mexican growing environment. For instance, Uzbekistan grown cotton accessions had fiber length in a range of 0.82-1.29 inch, micronire in arrange of 2.9-6.6, and fiber strength in a range of 16.2-39.1 g/tex demonstrating a wide range of diversity in fiber quality characteristics. In Mexico environment, the fiber length varied in a range of 0.84-1.30 inch, micronire varied in a range of 2.3-6.6 and fiber strength varied in a range of 15.2-44 g/tex. More detail analysis results will be discussed. To describe these accessions in better generally accessible format for cotton researchers, we developed electronic database using pcGRIN (pcGRIN Data Management version 1.21) and Microsoft Access software that contains 72 characteristics for each accession, including passport data, collection data, site data, plant data and inflorecence and fruit data. This electronic database will be incorporated with worldwide plant germplasm database systems as soon as we add molecular marker data and results from genetic diversity analyses. This project funded by USDA/ARS-Uzbekistan cooperation programs.