Accumulation of nutrients in the soil due to poor crop removal rate is a concern when using poultry litter as a primary cotton fertilizer. The ability of cotton to remove litter-supplied nutrients is poorly documented. The objective of this research was to quantify the amount of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg absorbed and bound in plant tissues of cotton fertilized with poultry litter with or without supplemental conventional N fertilizers under conventional and no-tillage systems. Unlike P, cotton absorbed and bound a large fraction of applied N and K suggesting the accumulation of these nutrients in the soil may not be a concern when using litter as the primary cotton fertilizer under both conventional and no tillage systems.