This paper deals with the evaluation of processing performance of cotton fibers through analysis of the changes in fiber characteristics from one stage to another in spinning preparation. Key parameters of this analysis include: fiber utilization efficiency and waste. Fiber utilization efficiency was estimated by the ratio between the percent of fibers exceeding a certain threshold length and that of fibers below a certain threshold. These thresholds were varied so that a complete evaluation of ‘fiber assistance' can be achieved. The process considered is a combing spinning preparation using Supima cotton. Waste analysis was performed by estimating the percent by weight of short fibers, total trash, and neps using AFIS parameters. Profiling analysis was also associated with estimation of cost components resulting from the use of excessive undesired parameters (short fibers, neps, and trash). The results of this study revealed new ways of valuing cotton fibers in the context of their true technological impacts. It is our belief that utilization of these results can provide useful guidelines in closing the gap between the market value and the technological value of cotton, particularly for premium cotton categories.