With worldwide production estimated at more than 33 million metric tons, cottonseed is the most important source of plant proteins after soybean. The cotton proteins have, as well as many other proteins, good film forming properties. To optimize usage of this low-cost, oil-rich and protein-rich product, the film-forming properties of cottonseed proteins were studied to produce biodegradable material of economic and environmental interest. This communication will present recent results obtained in the project, “Processing cottonseed biodegradable materials for agriculture as an alternative to synthetic polymers in Latin America”, supported by the European community and coordinated by the Cirad. The main objective of the project was to test, at pilot industrial scale, the technical and economical feasibility of biodegradable materials, made from cotton seed derivatives (kernels and cakes). The project focused on two types of processing technologies: wet processes (casting, laminating, seed-coating, composites materials) and low moisture technologies (extrusion, thermo-moulding) to produce film and seed coatings for agriculture. New technologies were developed. The properties of materials obtained are compared with those of marketed materials of reference. An economic survey evaluated the competitiveness of new materials. The conclusions given by the researchers highlight the technical and economic limits related on the nature of the raw material and the difficulties of transformation. Industrial development prospects are also proposed.