Clothianidin is a new seed-treatment insecticide from Bayer CropScience in the class chloronicotinyl (CNI, syn. Neonicotinoid). When applied as a seed treatment, the compound has demonstrated good activity against several important early-season pests of cotton. The insecticidal spectrum includes black cutworm (Agrotis ypsilon), tobacco thirps (Frankliniella fusca), soybean thrips (Sericothrips variabilis), onion thrips (Thrips tabaci), and cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii). Data will be presented from university trials conducted across the mid-south and southeastern U.S. cotton-growing region. These data support the development and commercialization of clothianidin as a seed treatment on cotton. The paper will include an introduction to the chemistry and a comprehensive summary of available research on clothianidin as a cotton seed treatment.