The decline in cotton lint yield in the last decade and the short fiber length of cotton varieties grown across the Texas High plains puts cotton production in this region at a disadvantage. In order to overcome these problems, cotton breeders need to have enough diversity to work with. Since 1998, Texas Tech University has used chemical Mutagenesis in combination with conventional breeding techniques to develop unique germplasm populations that combine superior fiber quality with high lint yield. The mutants were crossed among themselves, with conventional varieties, with transgenic lines, with Gossypium barbadense lines, with acala and pima lines to create the much needed diversity. The segregating materials from these crosses have developed superior lines for fiber quality and yield. These lines will be the backbone of the cotton breeding program at Texas tech in the years to come.